-endocrine+system-

= **__THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM__** (John Tran) = **"The endocrine system is very important in controlling the mood of a person, growth and development, functioning of the body and chemical reaction happen inside, including sexual function and reproductive process (Endocrine System)** __**Hormones**__ = = = = = =
 * Endocrine system parts talk through message known as hormones**
 * They are produced by glands, which are organs of the endocrine system (29.6).
 * The glands release the hormones into the circulatory system (29.6).
 * Affect cell with matching receptor (29.6).
 * Steroid and nonsteroid hormones.**
 * STEROID HORMONE
 * Made of cholesterol (29.6).
 * Enter the cell by diffusion to match with the receptors (29.6).
 * NONSTEROID HORMONE
 * Made of one or more amino acids (29.6).
 * Does not enter the cell (29.6).

__**The endocrine glands secrete hormones to the entire body**__


 * Major glands that locate throughout the body.**
 * HYPOTHALAMUS: ** act as a gateway between the nervous system and the endocrine system, it receive information from the brain and release releasing hormones to the pituitary to tell the pituitary release it owns releasing hormones ** (Endocrine System)
 * __"Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)__ causes the pituitary to release growth hormone" (29.6).
 * __"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)__ causes gonads to release hormones that control the reproductive system" (29.6).
 * PITUITARY: **a very important structure of the endocrine system, the pituitary receive the releasing hormones from the hypothalamus to know the condition inside and outside of the body, then it release it owns releasing hormones to every other hormones so that they will release their own hormones** (Endocrine System)
 * __"Growth hormone (GH)__ stimulates cell division, protein synethesis, and bone growth in multiple tissues" (29.6).
 * __"Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)__ causes the blood to absorb water from the kidneys" (29.6).
 * THYROID: ** it hormones help control the rate of releasing energy inside a person ** (Endocrine System)
 * __"Thyroxin (T4)__ and __Triiodothyronine (T3)__ increase metabolism, digestion, and a person’s energy levels" (29.6).
 * "__Calcitonin__ causes the body to remove calcium from the blood and increase bone formation" (29.6).
 * THYMUS:
 * __"Thymosin__ causes white blood cells to reproduce and mature" (29.6).
 * ADRENAL GLANDS: ** the hormones of the adrenal glands help a person to response against emotion feeling such as stress, and also help control various functions in the body ** (Endocrine System)
 * __"Adrenaline__ increases blood pressure and heart rate when the body experiences stress" (Endocrine System)
 * PANCREAS: ** it produce two important hormones which help control the level of sugar in the bloodstream, which can cause people sick if not in check such as diabetes ** (Endocrine System)
 * __"Insulin__ removes sugar from the bloodstream and increase sugar metabolism" (29.6).
 * __"Glucagon__ increases sugar production and adds sugar to the bloodstreams" (29.6).
 * FEMALE GONADS: OVARIES
 * __"Estrogen__ causes sexual maturation, including egg production, and influences female characteristics, such as fat distribution and widening of the hips" (29.6).
 * __"Progesterone__ causes menstruation" (29.6).
 * MALE GONADS: TESTES
 * __"Testosterone__ causes sexual maturation, including sperm production, and male characteristics, such as facial hair and a deep voice" (29.6).

__**The hypothalamus interacts both the nervous and endocrine systems**__



**The hypothalamus is a gland locate at the back of the brain.**
 * It is part of both the nervous and endocrine systems (29.6).
 * As it is part of the CNS, it receives, sorts, and interprets information from sensory organs (29.6).
 * It produce releasing hormones that stimulate other glands to release their hormones (29.6).
 * Most of the hypothalamus’s releasing hormones affect the pituitary gland (29.6).

**__Hormonal imbalances can cause severe illness__**


 * • Abnormal hormone levels affect homeostasis (29.6).
 *  • Hormonal imbalances might be treated with surgery or medicine (29.6).
 *  • Steroids, a pituitary tumor, or some prescription drugs can make the pituitary overactive and indirectly cause problems (29.6).

Work cited: //29.6 The Endocrine System and Hormones// McDougal Littell, 2008. Web. 15 May 201 "Endocrine System." //KidsHealth - the Web's Most Visited Site about Children's Health//. Web. 26 May 2011.

Picture citation: //29.6 The Endocrine System and Hormones// McDougal Littell, 2008. Web. 15 May 201

[|Endocrine System - TeensHealth] [|The Endocrine System - Discovery Health] [|Endocrine System - Medline plus] [|Endocrine System - eMedtivi]
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